KB43080: Metric with "Sum" function is not aggregated as expected in MicroStrategy. MSTR has evolved dashboards to the point that they are more than dashboards - they are interactive, collaborative analytic stories . You can use MicroStrategy Web to create a Grid/Graph that contains. For example, a document contains two Grid/Graphs. 4. Select the desired option for 'Show attribute names'. 1929 views | September 04, 2020 02:01. Type a name for the metric in the Metric Name field. You can display data in a grid layout. 678 views 2 years ago MicroStrategy 2020. In both a Grid and a Compound Grid, checking multiple attribute display forms and displaying attribute form names will cause the enabling or disabling of other attribute's subtotals. You can use DateDiff to create a metric or attribute form that lists the length of time between two dates. In the Grid/Graph, you can use MicroStrategy Web to create a threshold to change the formatting of the revenue amounts when the profit is greater than a specified amount. Populate and Evaluate: Fill report data required for display. 1. Related articles from the Community: Knowledge Base: How to create a derived metric in MicroStrategy Developer 9. In the report, the attribute with the compound key is Distribution Center. Community & Support Search Discussions Open A Case View My CasesThis article describes how to create derived metrics to show previous row data in MicroStrategy. '. In the top toolbar, click Insert Visualization . m. is not running the latest Microstrategy for office so I'd like to ask if this issue is A)known. Use compound grid visualizations to filter data. 4. microstrategy. Select or multi-select users as recipients of the dossier. Or create and edit content. MicroStrategy provides two types of attributes: normal attributes and hierarchical attributes. Tell the data story with top visualizations and Dossier features. To display quick thresholds on a grid report in MicroStrategy Web. Note, Cost is only sort in Category's group. Excel with formatting: The report is exported and displayed as a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. This function is an OLAP function. The report execution process is a three-step process: 1. Open a dossier. [グリッド] > [複合グリッド] を選択します 。. MicroStrategy ONE introduces new features that provide better performance and scalability to enhance the overall user experience. Choose Tools > Report Options. Choose Format > Graph. Learn about the company's performance, strategy, governance and sustainability in 2020/21. Microcharts convey information so that a user can, at a glance, determine the trend of a metric over time or how a metric is performing compared to forecasted figures. Limit the number of attribute elements displayed in a prompt in MicroStrategy. In addition to creating a dossier, your project should feature a HyperIntelligence card, Transaction grid, Collaboration, Mobile, and Distribution Services. After creating a grid, interact with its data to customize your view, by performing the following tasks: Add and display dynamic links in the grid. Compound Grid Generator (Large preview)The compound metric calculation is reserved for the Analytical Engine in MicroStrategy Intelligence Server (or in MicroStrategy Developer, in a three-tier connection). You can expand and collapse individual levels by clicking the + or - box within each row on the report. 4. Creating smart metrics. A Compound Grid is a visualization that allows you to build complex grids that analyze different aspects of data across a common dimension. microstrategy. To change how it is displayed, do one of the following: To display it as a grid (a standard MicroStrategy grid report with rows and columns of attributes and metrics), in the Property List: Appearance section, select Grid from the View mode drop-down. In the Object Browser, locate and double-click the metric Cost. There are three basic logical operators: Union behaves as the inclusive term OR does in grammar. 4) The totals will now be shown at the bottom of the grid. Finally, just create the report with the attribute (Category) and the third metric. The first pass calculates Sales; the second pass calculates Item Sold. This allows you to move objects between the categories and series for the graph and immediately see how these changes affect the graph. 4. This visualization allows you to create a grid that analyzes different aspects of data across a common dimensions or attributes in rows. You can use MicroStrategy Web to create a Grid/Graph that contains objects from. This means that every calling center has its own unique ID. Then, select the color of the grid lines from the palette. Use compound grid visualizations to filter data. There are a couple of ways to do it. VLDB Properties. 2) The Total is added to the top of the grid. The simple key shows how you can identify a calling center with only its Call_Ctr_id. Customers often ask for them, so the visualization seen above is some workaround, that gives possibility to imitate MicroCharts. A Grid/Graph acts as a standard MicroStrategy report. The Compound Grid is a new visualization introduced in the MicroStrategy 2020 release. 3. Choose Grid > Compound Grid . Interact with the engaged MicroStrategy Community to get answers to all your questions and collaborate for solutions. MicroCharts are visualizations that MicroStrategy has in Document, but not in Dossier. Creating a Compound Grid Visualization. In Workstation 2020 you can only use attributes in rows. 1, the value range of the metric slider changes accordingly. They are the derived columns which show results such as sum or average of some numeric values of a column in source data. SYMPTOM: In MicroStrategy 2021 Update 6, ‘Configure Transaction’ option is not available from web if click More in the upper right corner of the visualization of the Grid (Modern) as shown below: Refer to. You can learn more about microstrategy Dossiers tutorial in Microstrategy training. Widgets – Heat Map, Bubble Grid, Cylinder, Gauge, Funnel, Data Cloud, Micro Charts, etc…. Ein zusammengesetztes Raster erfordert mindestens ein Attribut und eine Metrik. Compound attributes. . 4. In its most basic form it consists of two parts: A report template (usually simply called a template), which is the underlying structure of the report. Enhanced formatting options for the Compound Grid visualization, including the ability to resize columns, duplicate, move-to, and copy-to actions. To export a report while viewing it, click the name of a grid report to display it. What is an implicit attribute in Microstrategy?. In the example image below, the metric Revenue has been hidden. Hierarchy 2: 4. The data from the datasets is used to populate the report. MicroStrategy Grid Visualizations - Grid Visualization is the simplest form of visualization in MicroStrategy, yet a very powerful analysis method. Click Create on any folder page, point to New Report, and select Intelligent Cube Report. To specify the scaling for the Y1-axis, type a maximum, minimum, and grid interval in the Y1 Axis Values, Use Manual. Widgets – Heat Map, Bubble Grid, Cylinder, Gauge, Funnel, Data Cloud, Micro Charts, etc…. 2. One is to create a filter in Developer based on the metric you want to limit to the Top 10. Introduced in MicroStrategy 2020, the Compound Grid is especially useful for financial analysis. In addition to creating a dossier, your project should feature a HyperIntelligence card, Transaction grid, Collaboration, Mobile, and Distribution Services. Creating a grid report. It is only in the dashboard that I have this problem. (Visual Insight) • Attribute/Metric Visualization Selector for Dossier(Visual Insight) • Compound grid widget for Dossier(Visual Insight) • Ability to embed SurveyMonkey or SurveyGizmo surveys in a Dossier(Visual. Several non-group functions that are. The content of the report is displayed. The graph visualization is a powerful, interactive visualization that allows you to display your data using a variety of graph styles, then customize it to suit your needs. This means you can have multiple unrelated attributes and metrics in different sets of columns that are then stitched together in one grid. The data from the report is used to populate the Grid/Graph. Bar Chart − Presents vertical bars of. Click on the grid visualization you want to add subtotals to. Right-click the project for which to set grid report options and choose MyPreferences. Objective : Micro Strategy professional with almost 7+ years of result-driven experience in Data Modeling, Designing, Architecture Data Warehouses and BI applications in diverse industrial sectors like manufacturing, pharmaceutical, banking, retail and insurance. x cannot find some compound metrics in the MDX cube catalog created based on a MDX cube. This video show how to share a filter with other MicroStrategy Library users. This may make related application objects (reports, filters and. In the top toolbar, click Insert Visualization . It supports interactive dashboard, highly detailed reports, ad-hoc query, automated report dispute, and Microsoft Office integration. Group Elements. Browse to and select a previously saved Intelligent Cube on which to build your report. A compound grid is a visualization that allows you to build complex grids that analyze different aspects of data across a common dimension. Click the grid visualization to label that as the target. This visualization allows you to create a grid that analyzes different aspects of data across a common dimensions or. Step-3 – If you want to modal/clean/sanitize this data, say some formatting before importing it to Dossier, click on the “Prepare Data” option else never mind. In the Datasets panel, double-click attributes and metrics to add them to the visualization. Metrics represent business measures and key performance indicators, and are similar to formulas in spreadsheet software. Layouts; Sections; Auto Text; Compound Attribute: A compound attribute is an attribute whose primary key is made up of the combination of two or more columns. 37K. 3. 4. Each of these compound metric types is described with examples below. For example: Create a line graph with Revenue,. Note how a grid is returned with the total when there are no rows of data: Cause This is a known issue in MicroStrategy 10. Welcome to DossBoss—MicroStrategy World Edition! The DossBoss challenge is a highly anticipated global analytics competition where we provide the platform and competitive atmosphere, while you bring the innovation and creativity. This option allows you to choose the behavior of your engine's query. For an example and instructions, see Formatting the backgrounds of Grid/Graphs. This article describes how to merge the row headers in Visual Insight MicroStrategy Web 9. Using this grid, you can have multiple unrelated attributes and metrics in different sets of columns that are stitched together. Click Switch to Function Editor. See the MicroStrategy Developer Library (MSDL), part of the MicroStrategy SDK product, for more information. If you want to move the subtotals at the top of the grid, right-click the. In a document, you can display a report by adding a Grid/Graph to the document. Click ( ) in the operator bar. Double-click a column set name to rename it. 364 subscribers. 00". 9. This means that two calling centers from different regions can share the same Call_Ctr_id. This issue is classified as a defect with MicroStrategy Technical Support. Heat Map − Shows rectangles of different colors showing a range of values. Create a report with attribute 'Category', 'Region' and metric 'Revenue'. On the right grid, hide the attribute column by disabling the "Show Rows" option in the Grid properties as shown below: Export the dashboard to Excel. community. From the Graph Sub-type drop-down list, select one of the following:In MicroStrategy 2020, the metric guide is supported and will guide the Engine to retrieve the metric from the correct table. Related articles from the Community: Knowledge Base: Dossier is no longer certified when downloaded as a . Community & Support Search Discussions Open A Case View My CasesTo Scale a Graph Report in MicroStrategy Web. Right-click on the right-hand side of Desktop, select New, and then select Report. In MicroStrategy 2020, the Compound Grid was introduced in dossier authoring. (Visual Insight) • Attribute/Metric Visualization Selector for Dossier(Visual. ナレッジベース: MicroStrategy 2020 での複合グリッドの操作; ナレッジベース: 複合グリッドのメトリック並べ替えエラー; ナレッジベース: [無効な引数] が複合グリッドに表示されます。 A compound grid is a visualization that allows you to build complex grids that analyze different aspects of data across a common dimension. Create or edit reports with authoring functionality. If you wanted to show the Top 10 Brands based on a metric called 'Dollars', you would create a 'Set Qualification' filter and use the metric 'Dollars', set the Function Parameter as 'Rank', the Operator as 'Top' and the. In MicroStrategy Web, Grid Graph View is referred to as Grid and Graph mode. Several non-group functions that are. You. x-10. Compound metric: The formula of a compound metric is based on arithmetic operators and non-group functions. Tutorial project is used in the following steps. Add it to the grid as shown below: NOTE: All row attributes should be put into BreakBy, and Year into SortBy. Bar Chart − Presents vertical bars of. Under Columns, choose the Fixed option. So the row for Music will not display in the grid. 3. When an attribute in a Heat Map widget is used as selector to target a grid object, there is no way to default back to showing "All" or display all selector elements once an element is already selected in MicroStrategy Web 9. This groups them, but doesn't label them quite yet. x, the series lines do not inherit the color of the series markers and change depending on which metrics are displayed on the graph. Transformations allow you to apply an attribute-element based offset to compare metric data. Published: Sep 19, 2019Visualization Gallery. In the list of categories on the left, expand Grid, then select General. This tutorial shows how to create derived attributes and metrics in a dossier. This article describes how to merge the row headers in Visual Insight MicroStrategy Web 9. And leverage the Page-By function to focus your analysis on one element. Please follow steps below: For example, if the user would like to add row numbers in the report:In MicroStrategy Analytics Enterprise Web 10, users can now simultaneously import two or more tables from one or more supported data sources, this feature is called Multi-Table Data Import (MTDI). To select multiple metric headers, hold CTRL and select the. Step-1 – Click on the “Add Data” option under the “Datasets” tab. Use the Visualization Gallery to perform the following tasks: Select a visualization's type. Drilling produces different results in grid and graph reports in MicroStrategy Developer 9. MicroStrategy is a Business Intelligence company that provides powerful software to create nice charts, reports to take decisions. It provides features such as sorting and drilling the data. In the Editor panel, click Add Column Set to create another column set. However this metrics are included in some MicroStrategy reports or documents that are running successfully. Related articles from the Community: Knowledge Base: Is it possible to expose “Create Personal View” subscription option in. x and 10. Choose the following display defaults:Action. In MicroStrategy Web, users must manually adjust the grid location so that two grids overlap each other to hide. In the compound key, calling centers are identified by both Call_Ctr_id and Region_id. The graph legend or axes can be formatted as well. A Grid/Graph can be directly associated with one dataset report. In addition, this release introduces new features across the analytics, mobility, and security platforms—making it easier for users to build applications faster. As of 2:45 p. Learn how to switch to a compound grid, add column sets in this new visualization. 6. This means that every calling center has its own unique ID. The data from the report is used to populate the Grid/Graph. Export Report Title: Selected by default. MicroStrategy Internal Reference number for this technical note is KB483542 and. All of these metrics display properly on grid report. This means you can have multiple unrelated attributes and metrics in different. How to display all attribute form names in a grid report in MicroStrategy Web. Therefore, more than one column is needed to identify that compound attribute distinctively. They are useful in creating custom calculations required by business. The graph shows revenue by category and region. A compound grid requires at least one attribute and one metric. Select one of the following options: Grid, to display the control as a standard MicroStrategy grid report with rows and columns of attributes and metrics. Our goal was simple — to build the next-generation dashboard editor. This means you can have multiple unrelated attributes and metrics in different sets of columns that are then stitched together in one grid. Dossiers have two grid visualizations: Grid and Compound Grid. First, do "Change Visualization" on your grid and set it to "Compound Grid". 4. A Compound Grid stitches multiple simple Grid visualizations together to provide a more holistic grid view with richer data insights. Subqueries (or correlated subqueries) are used infrequently but significantly in the MicroStrategy SQL Generation Engine. xls format. A compound grid requires at least one attribute and one metric. The presence of a compound key relationship is. A Compound Grid is a visualization that allows you to build complex grids that analyze different aspects of data across a common dimension. One advantage of compound metrics compared to simple metrics is that compound metrics can use smart totals. 4096 views · September 04, 2020. ET today, shares of business intelligence company MicroStrategy ( MSTR 5. The main discussion i had with MicroStrategy commercials about this analysis is that for 7 criterias there is 5 differents tools at the first position (MicroStrategy is the only tool to be at. In some business scenario, it is needed to embed graphs into a grid column to make the grid more visualized. Creation of a metric involves using the in-built. Want to learn more? Check out my Architect co. A compound grid requires at least one attribute and one metric. 4. I can’t wait to use the keyboard shortcuts and new compound grid capabilities. When calculating the Y span, the second column set Y span has also been calculated (the value is 2). The cursor is positioned between the parentheses in the Definition pane. In the Datasets panel, double-click attributes and metrics to add them to the visualization. Run the report, and the result is shown as below. However, the "Report returned no data" message does not necessarily indicate that a null value has been encountered. 37K. Multi-Metric KPI is best when you have several important indicators that you want to display in one, responsive visualization together. Defining Microcharts widgets. - Full life cycle implementation. create a sample dashboard as category+subcategory+cost 2. Drag an attribute from the Datasets panel to the Rows area of the Editor panel. HTML: The grid report is exported to an HTML file. Fit to grid contents, to display all of the data on the Grid/Graph. Upgrade to MicroStrategy 11. Select the Tooltips check box. On the Axes tab, select from the. In the Editor panel, click Add Column Set to create another column set. The Excel File will contain only the selected Grid Object data from the Document. In a document, you can display a report by adding a Grid/Graph to the document. On the Grid tab, select the Show thresholds check box. Right-click on a dossier. To enable totals or subtotals for a metric. ; Click OK. Get the exclusive on MicroStrategy Workstation. To enable an outline in MicroStrategy Web. I'm showing on a grid visual unique IDs from the fact table and a measure that checks if there is value in a specific column in the fact table for the selected id. I have a metric A = Avg(0. Introduced in MicroStrategy 2020, the Compound Grid is especially useful for financial analysis when you need to analyze several KPIs across a common dimension, like investment vehicle or region. Knowledge Base: In MicroStrategy Web 2019 when using Internet Explorer browser,. To display a pop-up tooltip, enter the text in Tooltip. 3. Click Certify. 2. In the relational database, a. This means you can have multiple unrelated attributes and metrics in different sets of columns that are then stitched together in. The data from the datasets is used to populate the report. View standard reports in MicroStrategy Library to get a simple, grid view of data. Import the Data. Select a metric header on the grid report. 2. The algorithm that calculates the table sizes performs the following steps: Calculate the number of levels per hierarchy: Hierarchy 1: 3. Just like the image below, the rightmost column is a horizontal bar graph where the length of the bar stands for the absolute value of each item’s profit, while red color represents positive value and green represents negative value. Microcharts are small versions of visualizations shown without. To log in to a specific project, see Starting MicroStrategy, page 2. An inner join between pass 1 and 2 is performed in pass 3. For examples of joining datasets, see Defining a dataset as primary or secondary and Joining multiple datasets: Examples. 最上部のツールバーで、 [ビジュアリゼーションを挿入] をクリックします。. Introduction to Grids. Select the 'Advanced' tab, as shown below: Change the setting for 'Attribute element browsing' (circled in red above) to the limit that is desired for the project. Attribute forms are displayed incorrectly in the view filter element browser when the attribute has compound ID in MicroStrategy Developer 9. Open a grid report. In Desktop 2020 you can only use attributes in rows. thus, in the Excel results, two rows: row-header and the first line of the grid have been merged into one row; consequently, the first line of grid is occupied by the row-header. As you can imagine, the SQL Engine. Once data flows into the interface, the dashboard will come to life. Create two compound metrics C1_R=Cost(1)/Revenue and C1_R_PM=C1_R/. In MicroStrategy SQL Generation Engine, when simple Period to Date (PTD) reports are needed, there is no need to create a transformation table. This calculation can be aggregated from the Employee level to the Region level. For examples of joining datasets, see Defining a dataset as primary or secondary and Joining multiple datasets: Examples. Add a grid to the document with the Region attribute and Profit metric. First red color indicates small profit values. J2EE environment:To export a report while viewing it: Click the name of a report to display it. Select the Logical View Tab of both tables to see all the logical objects mapped to the table. Part 2 of the MicroStrategy Advanced Architect series where I demonstrate how to create compound attribute keys. To Scale a Graph Report in MicroStrategy Web. A Grid/Graph acts as a standard MicroStrategy report. Portion displayed only (only the displayed page if multiple pages). Example. To enable this row display, change the Join type to “Join 92” and disable “null check” for metric in report VLDB properties. Limit the number of attribute elements displayed in a prompt in MicroStrategy. 1/10. MicroStrategy Desktop 8. Why MicroStrategy Why MicroStrategy Why MicroStrategy Customer Stories What's New Platform Platform Products AI / BI Platform. Open a dossier. Workaround 4: Create a metric based on the attribute Country, for example Max (Country). New features arrive with every product update, and “Update 2” is no exception. By default, the metrics Compound Profit and Profit Margin do not use a dynamic aggregation function. Create a Report Services Document 2. Right-Click on Grid and go to 'Properties and Formatting'. Visualize Data Trends: Create intuitive visualizations to present data after it is parsed, structured and analyzed. MSTR has evolved dashboards to the point that they are more than dashboards - they are interactive, collaborative analytic stories . In the Datasets panel, double-click attributes and metrics to add them to the visualization. 4. How to Add, Replace, or Remove Data from a Visualization. x. 1/10. Made up of two or more grids of any type (column, modular, symmetrical, and asymmetrical) on one page, they can occupy separate areas or overlap. Steps to Reproduce on a Compound Grid. MicroStrategy functions are classified into the following types: Single-value functions (also known as Non-grouping or Scalar functions): These functions operate on each individual component of an input variable or argument, resulting in an output element for each component. Apply an attribute element filter in list "Canada, Central, England, France, Germany" 3. A standard grid report in MicroStrategy capabilities are in the image below. Insights and VitaraCharts are optional but recommended. The Metric Formula Editor allows. Number of Views 1. As you can imagine, the SQL Engine. This is similar functionality as for a workaround in RSD’s when stitching multiple grids to obtain this effect. The Compound Grid below these KPIs helps to further show detailed metrics about coffee production, while the Bubble Chart provides a good way to make comparisons between coffee imports and exports of countries around the world. You can create a metric with the following definition: FiscalWeek<firstWeekDay=1, firstMonth=7> (Day) For each element of the Day attribute, the metric displays the numeric position of the week within the fiscal year for that date. Here is a quick slide show of what I consider the Top 5. 4. A compound grid with more than one column set is being used (image for reference): While looking normal in the dossier: After exporting to excel, the rows are not. On the same right mouse click context menu under the attribute header, users will see an option to clear the derived elements for that attribute which will remove the group (s) created for that attribute. MicroStrategy ONE introduces new features that provide better performance and scalability to enhance the overall user experience. Open a new report and place all objects used in the formula of the metric on the grid, as well as the metric. You can use the Metric Formula Editor to create or edit a metric, which is a calculation performed against the data in the data warehouse. Go to Data > VLDB Properties > Joins > "Preserve all final pass result elements. 1. When setting a grid as a selector of another grid in Visual Insight in MicroStrategy Web 9. 1 and 10. SqlMicroStrategy allows you to use many custom visualizations, like d3 and Vitara, apart from the built-in ones. This issue has been addressed in MicroStrategy 10. My org. Using this grid, you can have multiple unrelated attributes and metrics in different sets of columns that are stitched together. 4. x-10. Save designs as templates. Once a Grid/Graph is in the document, you can display it in several ways: •. Another important observation is not to forget to enable "Smart Metric”. Related articles from the Community: Knowledge Base: How to create a derived metric in MicroStrategy Developer 9. Click Insert Visualization to add a new, blank visualization to the dossier. A visualization is a visual representation of the data in a dossier, such as a grid, line chart, or heat map. 4. From the Home menu, point to Export. Creating a 'Compound Grid' 4104 views | September 04, 2020 02:40. Grid − Represents data in the form of data grid as rows and columns. 02K subscribers 26 7. With MicroStrategy 2020 Patch Installer, our customers get centralized solution for applying critical fixes to any version of the. 1. The operators and functions can be applied to facts, attributes, or metrics. Create report2 with same region attribute on it with attribute element filter in list "northwest, south, southeast, southwest, web"Click in MicroStrategy Web Configuration in Application Settings view to expand the hierarchical tree. Only Year 2000 data is returned in the grid:To Create a Graph that Displays Markers in a Grid Layout. Open a new or existing dossier. You must disable the Title Bar for this to work. Choose Grid > Compound Grid . When running a dashboard in PDF/Editable mode, word wrapping on MicroStrategy 9. A normal attribute represents a single hierarchy level (for example, Month). Another important observation is not to forget to enable "Smart Metric”. This video shows you how to add a MicroStrategy dossier to your MicroStrategy Library by using both the Add to Library and Share options. Design compound visualizations or add rich text boxes and images. ; Enter the XQuery statement required to connect to the third-party. Cross-tab: Pivot and display sorting and page-by Each of the engines plays an important part in the report execution process. Go to 'Layout' and change 'Grid Overflow (PDF & Excel)' to 'Fit to grid contents'. The Compound Grid is a new visualization introduced in the MicroStrategy 2020 release. Do not forget to enable Subtotal (F11). Excel: This allows the user to export the document to Microsoft Excel in . In the list of categories on the left, click Subtotals. Click the vertical eclipse icon (More) on the top right of the visualization. This is now feasible beginning in MicroStrategy 2019. This metric should be used on compound grid (rather than standard one). A compound attribute is an attribute with multiple columns specified as the ID column. Custom grids allow you to utilize dynamic text fields in order to create grids that provide more. For example, there. In this tutorial video, we'll show you how to modify Grid visualizations in MicroStrategy to export them to Excel. The results are used to left outer join all secondary datasets. You can format a graph report by adjusting colors, and applying a variety of graphical effects, including gradients, transparency, patterns, pictures, textures, and bevel effects. Like other visualizations, a Compound Grid can be used as the target of a selector. CSS Compound Grids Generator. This "How to" technical note describes a way to hide the metrics columns from a document grid in MicroStrategy 10. Any thresholds in the report are displayed. 4. Through these interview questions and answers you will learn what is metadata, attributes, mapping, hierarchies, facts, smart metrics, transformations, filters, prompts and more. This article might want you to upgrade faster to the newest version and enjoy all of the enhancements in creating your stories!. x reports display the 'Metrics' column on the report grids by default. The Compound Grid supports similar operations as regular grids, such as: ドシエを開きます。. .